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This explains how to change a string on a guitar where the strings are passed through the guitar body from the back into an all in one bridge. A lot of electric guitars are similar but if your guitar has a Floyd Rose Tremolo style with locking nuts, your task is going to be a bit more complicated. You should take the broken string off, checking that there is none left under the bridge or machine head. Pull it through the hole to remove, unwinding it from the machine head. If the bridge end of the broken string has not already fallen out, push it out. Insert the new string by feeding the sharp end through the clear hole in the bridge block at the back of the guitar. The correct hole to use depends on which string is being replaced. To secure the string to the machine head, you need to wind it around the tuning key a few times, put the sharp string end through the hole in the machine head, and then pull it tight. You need to tune the string after fitting it and then stretch the string by pulling it an inch or so away from the body before releasing it. This reduces the likelihood of the string breaking once you start playing it. Next, you might need to tune the guitar again. When the guitar is in tune, you can use wire cutters to trim the remainder of the string but it is best to leave about a fifth of an inch of string outside the machine head. A string winder can help you because you can tighten or loosen the strings faster, but you do have to wind smoothly because if you are rough, the strings might snap.
If you do have a Floyd Rose Tremelo model of guitar, this is how you change a string. You need to loosen the top nut, and then use a tuning machine to loosen the string. Loosen the string lock bolts at the end of the bridge two or three turns. Remove the old or broken string in its entirety and place the new one through the tuning peg and locking nut. Cut the string but leave yourself about an inch or two to work with. Put the string into the bridge saddle and tighten until snug. Make sure you do not over-tighten it. Adjust the fine-tuning knobs to the middle position. Stretch the string and tune to the correct pitch using the tuning machine on the headstock before tightening the locking top nut. Stretch the strings again and use the fine-tuning knobs to set the pitch.
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